Naming Compounds!

Today during class, Mr.Doktor taught us how to name compounds and we went over the following:

Chemical Nomenclature

• Today the most common system IUPAC- most chemicals.
- Ions
- Binary Ionic
- Polyatomic Ions
- Hydrates
- Molecular Compounds
- Acids/Bases

Chemical Formulas

• Be aware of the difference between ion and compound formulas.

Examples

Zn^2+…………. ion charge (Zinc Ion)
BaCl2…………..number of ions (Barium Chloride)

Non-Metal Ions
F-………………Fluoride Ion
N^3-……………Nitride Ion
O^2-……………Oxide Ion

AlF3………….Aluminum Fluoride
Na2O…………Sodium Oxide
Fe2S3…………Iron (III) Sulfide

Multivalent Ions

• Some elements can form more than one ion.
- Iron Fe^3+ or Fe^2+
- CopperCu^2+ or Cu^1+
• The top number on the Periodic Table is more common.
• IUPAC uses roman numerals in parenthesis to show the charge.
• Classical(i.e. old) systems uses Latin names of elements and the suffixes –ic (larger charge) and –ous(smaller charge)

Examples

Fe^3+…..Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3)
Fe^2+….Ferrous Oxide (FeO)

Other Classical Names

• Ferr-Iron
• Cupp-Copper
• Mercur-Mercury
• Stann-Tin
• Aunn-Gold
• Plumb-Lead
• Wolf-Tungsten
• Argent-Silver

Old Greek Way

Argentous OxideAg2O
Cuppric Sulfide CuS

IUPAC

CuCl2- Copper (II) Chloride
Cr2O3- Chromium (III) Oxide

Hydrates

• Some compounds can form lattices that bond to water molecules.
• Copper Sulfate
• Sodium Sulfate
• These crystals contain water inside them which can be released by heating,

• To Name Hydrates:

- Write the name of the chemical formula.
- Add a prefix indicating the number of water molecules (mono=1, di=2, tri=3 etc.)
- Add hydrate after the prefix.

Examples

Cu (SO4) •5H2O……….Copper (II) Sulphate Pentahydrate (5 Water)
Li (ClO4) •3H2O………Lithium Hypochlorite Trihydrate (3 Water)