Solution Stoichiometry

Solutions

Solutions are homogenous mixtures composed of a solute and a solvent
- Solute is the chemical present in lesser amount (whatever is dissolved)
- Solvent is the chemical present in greater amount (whatever does the dissolving)
Chemicals dissolved dissolved in water are aqueous
- NaCl(aq); H2SO4(aq)

Molarity

Concentration can be expressed in many different ways
- g/L, ml/L, % by volume, % by mass, mol/L
The most common (In Chemistry 11 & 12) is mol/L which is also called Molarity
- mol/L = M
- [HCl] = concentration of HCl

Molarity = Moles
Volume

Example:
- 100 mL of 0.250 M Iron (II) Chloride reacts with excess Copper. How many grams of Iron are produced?

FeCl2 + Cu ---> CuCl2 + Fe

0.250 mol/L x 0.100 L x 1/1 x 55.8g/mol = 1.40g

- How many moles of Copper Chloride are produced?

0.250mol/L x 0.100 L x 1/1 = 0.025 mol

- Determine [CuCl2]

0.0250 L x 1/0.100 L = 0.250 M